Walking and cycling are not only environmentally sustainable and health-promoting activities, but also powerful economic drivers with measurable financial returns for both individuals and communities. Shifting a small proportion of short daily trips from car use to active modes of transport can yield substantial cost savings. In Australia and New Zealand, increased walking and cycling generate over AUD 200 million annually in health savings, complemented by AUD 32.7 million in reduced traffic congestion. These savings arise from decreased healthcare demand due to lower rates of chronic diseases, improved mental health, and fewer injuries. Additionally, active transport enhances commercial vitality; areas with high walkability demonstrate higher retail sales, increased foot traffic, and greater property values. For example, transforming underutilised urban spaces—such as parking areas—into pedestrian or cycling infrastructure can dramatically increase local business revenue. Protected bike lanes and pedestrian-friendly environments not only improve accessibility but also create economic uplift for adjacent commercial and residential real estate, reflecting the so-called “walkability premium.” Beyond direct financial benefits, these modes of transport also improve community liveability, social cohesion, and access to services, especially for low-income populations. A modest increase—such as converting 5% of all trips within 10 km of a central business district to cycling—can deliver millions in long-term infrastructure benefits and encourage more sustainable urban development. These figures underline the importance of embedding walking and cycling into transport policy, infrastructure investment, and urban planning strategies, making them integral to both economic development and quality of life.
Cycling and Walking Australia and New Zealand (CWANZ) (2021) Economic Benefits of Walking & Cycling. CWANZ.
